Cannibalism, Copulation and Synthetic Reality

Kultuurileht, December 9, 1994

This year, as in previous years, alongside the fixed headings of the video festival - CICV (productions centered on Montbeliard Belfort's video works), French videos, the Frenchman personally in attendance (Patrick Prado) and videos from the Baltic States - Brazilian video art provides potential for surprises. Aside from using rather nonsurprising international video language, it presents harsh and sporadically unbearable reality from the other hemisphere to the Nordic eye, which is used to seeing "artistic" presentations.


Festival guest Patrick Prado claims to dream of the day when Africans have enough money to be active in video. Perhaps they will turn the experience of the rest of the world upside down like they have done in contemporary music.

Prado also refers to the sacral dimension of video art: "Ten years ago in Nancy I said that television is similar to a stained glass window, and thus it is related to catholic art. The similarity is in that the light comes from behind the picture, from the picture itself. It is not merely a reflection. This picture is not earthly, but rather divine and revelational."

Prado's installation "The Third Millennium: The Girlfriend's Room" at the Vaal Gallery, which seems even too narrative and clear, speaks of a different kind of experience. "To Devouring Love" - is this not too concrete in this environment accustomed to displaying artistic messages through a shroud of mist? In respect to problems touching Prado - "cannibalism, sects, the immorality of recent times, the world as a zoo", which naturally are not the only ones - we can merely nod politely. Here, however, we are far from sympathizing. All "that" is somewhere else for us.

It is possible to obtain a brief insight into the history of the Lucerne video festivals. Works awarded over the years reveal the broad, practically limitless scope of what is referred to as video art. Compare Godard's narrative video/film, only occasionally veering into the purely visual universe which does not express itself in words and compares earthly reality, with Distel/Guyer's scratch, in other words, a work based on picture material "collected" from television, which is an excellent example of narration using only ingenious editing of picture and sound!

Unfortunately, only a narrow selection of Montbeliard Belfort's video center productions can be seen, in which David Larcher's "Videovoid" is like a lexicon for the use of electronic media. It is as if reality is totally broken down into its imaginary elementary parts using concepts of reality and text to form a "universe devoid of video", an electronic opposite reality, filling it with floating fragmentary relics of form. To visualize that which cannot be visualized or to die from the fear of nonexistence and the void, this seems to be the question posed by this figurative animated work using text, where remnants of electronic apparent reality clog the screen-outlet pipe.

Lucas Bambozzi's text "Video Art in Brazil, One Story Similar to Others" tells of truly long known things: the struggle with insipid television intended for the average taste, the use of video for the documentation of performance and body art, sore points of society, beggars and outcasts which TV will not touch. This has also led to the emergence of solitary groupings of producers who are more interested in anarchistic and underground programs.

Bambozzi calls Tadeu Jungle's "Rithm(o)z" harsh, a rather mild definition. This video tests the limits of many a viewer and may very well knock people off their chairs. This is one of the extremes of the selection of video art themes where muses fall silent in dismay or stinking gags are stuffed into their mouths.

Beyond this year's main topic of discussion regarding the question of the limits of art, the question of art as a whole arises here. How much must an artist "make" or "process" reality for it to become sufficiently "artistic"? Jungle seems to radically abandon this in places and to even emphasize and relish "not making", "nonintervention" and also the possible bewilderment of the viewer. The final conclusion is that reality is in essence pornographic.

Sandra Kogut, whose "Parabolic People" refreshed the gaze of the public here at the first video festival, can again be found in the selection of Brazilian videos. The author, a maker of commercials, poses almost the same kinds of questions that Peeter Linnap poses about Estonia with his exhibition "Le Top 50". "Do you know anything about Brazil?", "What nationality of people live here?", and so on. Again, the result is sad because few know, or if they do know, then what they know is something else. Nobody wants to know anything about anybody, at least not that which they themselves consider important regarding themselves.

"De Outro Lado da Sua Casa" is a documentary video about Sao Paulo's outcasts living under bridges. "Brazil does not belong to us," they claim, which is natural. They see themselves as secondary, miserable vagabonds who do not own even that which could be called their home. The interest level of the video is raised by the placement of a homeless person in the role of the interviewer.

We in our dim Nordic existence with our rainy season lasting almost nine months would crave more sunshine and light through which to escape melancholy. "De Outro..." diminishes our craving by showing dejected, soiled people in a temperate land, who live in their own city without identification documents and must settle for fingerprints as their only means of identification. Melancholy in temperate lands is even more oppressive!

The problems of transsexuals is a theme repeatedly harped on even in European documentary videos, but when it is combined with the status of beggars, the result is truly depressing. People cannot be themselves! Poverty, stupidity or inborn psychological deviations prevent them from doing so.

The most "cultural" and video art-specific of Brazilian videos is Ardunes's "Nome", consisting of calligraphy, collage, video, photography and metamorphoses of children's drawings. It is like teaching material illustrating the scope and conception of video art. The same goes for "Marly Normal", a document of a day in the life of a Sao Paulo female bureaucrat which in the end is absorbed into the monitor.

The word "identity" is frequently found in annotations and perhaps also in the range of problems of Brazilian videos. Indeed, what kind of country is this Brazil after all, where moreover Portuguese, not Brazilian, is spoken and where many Indians live? Who do they consider themselves to be in this melting pot of nationalities? Even we on our supposedly 5000 year old patch of land could arrogantly ask that question as Estonian speaking, Estonian minded Estonians. Portuguese speaking, Indian blooded Brazilian mindedness, however, barely has an inkling of the existence of other mentalities, countries or languages.

"Desobtruindo os Canal Tudo", an example of pirate television or scratch video, leads by way of its rebelliousness directly to vulgarities and the pornographic and excremental nature of realism. All this, naturally, while alluding to television and this also in reference to it. Arthur and Marilouise Kroker, as the same kind of people fed up with TV, have presented the concept of "excremental television" to characterize the omnivorous and all-excreting essence of TV. "Desobstruindo..." appears to be the complete manifestation of this idea, illustrating the above mentioned with the authentic presentation of the appropriate process, which appears to inversely correspond to the attitude of the average citizen dependent on television. All of this is naturally claimed to be prophylactic shock therapy.

We can perhaps say after watching the Brazilian videos that the screen is no longer what we are accustomed to seeing it as.

Estonian video art, or the more or less independent production of Estonian figurative artists and television directors, appears hopefully to be finding not only humanitarian support and the opportunity for presentation at these festivals.

Although intellectual and moral maturity has been achieved long ago, things appear to be far from meeting elementary needs technically and economically. A so called video creativity center furnished with even the most minimal equipment, a subsidiary or independent studio where practice in this sphere can be engaged in, is so far lacking. It should hardly be a place merely for the satisfaction of the curiosity and passion for playing of artists. It is also certain that the combination of technical means with imagination is as much an economic as an intellectual problem.

One point of emphasis regarding Estonian authors is the production of television professionals represented by A. Ellmann and J. Nõgisto. The other point of emphasis is the production of artists. J. Toomik's "The Road to Sao Paulo" is a video that functioned as a part of an installation at the Sao Paulo biennial. The effect produced by the dialogue between this work and the Brazilian videos remains to be decided by the viewers.

The videos of E.-L. Semper and R. Kurvitz are also, among other things, promising examples of thus desirable and exceptional cooperation between Estonian Television and artists.

Raivo Kelomees
Translated by Peeter Tammisto


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